Beetroot bụ nke Amaranth ezinụlọ (nke bụbu ndị Mariev ezinụlọ). N'asụsụ ndịda South Russia, a na-akpọ aha "Buriak".
Iche-iche: mgbọrọgwụ na akwukwo beets. Nkpọrọgwụ kụrụ nwere ihe elongated, conical ma ọ bụ gburugburu na anụ uhie uhie.
Ihe odide a na-akọwa otu esi edozi osisi na ụlọ na otu esi eto ụdị beets dị iche iche, na ebe ọ kachasị mma, gụnyere ụdị Sugar dị ụtọ.
Atụmatụ Cultivation
Mkpụrụ mkpụrụ osisi bụ mkpụrụ osisi nke nwere mkpụrụ abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ, nke ọ bụla na-emepụta ome. Iji mee ka ọnụego germination dị elu mgbe ị na-eto eto, a na-atụ aro ka ị gbanye osisi ahụ ruo ụbọchị 2-3 n'ụlọ: wụsa ha n'ime akpa nke nwere obere mmiri (mmiri ahụ ga-ekpuchi mkpụrụ), wee dochie mmiri kwa awa 4-6. Na mgbakwunye, iji mee ka ọrụ germination dịkwuo elu, ị nwere ike ịmị mkpụrụ maka awa 12-18 na ngwọta nke acid boric (na ọnụego nke 0,2 g kwa 1 liter mmiri).
Mgbe ịgha mkpụrụ ozugbo n'ime ala ngwa ngwa o kwere mee, ọ dị mkpa iji pulite mkpụrụ osisi ahụ, ma ọ bụghị ntutu ga-eme ka osisi ghara ịda mbà. Site na usoro mkpụrụ osisi, ọ dịghị mkpa ka ọ dị mkpa, na nke a, usoro a na-enye aka n'ịgha mkpụrụ na ịmepụta mmepe mkpụrụ. Nri okpomọkụ, n'ihi na mkpụrụ osisi germination chọrọ okpomọkụ nke dị ala 8 Celsius.
Olee mgbe na ebee ka a kụrụ osisi?
Beetroot bụ omenala kachasị na thermophilic n'etiti osisi mgbọrọgwụ, osisi ya na-emebi na okpomọkụ nke 2-3 ° C.
A na-arụ ihe dịka izu abụọ mgbe karọt. Beets hụrụ na-eto eto na nsọtụ nke ogwu, nke mere na ọ na-agwakọta nke ọma na otu ohere na kohlrabi, celery na kọlịflawa. Na-ahọrọ ebe ndị dị mma, na oge mbụ nke uto (tupu ịtọkọta mgbọrọgwụ) chọrọ mmiri. Dị mfe mfe anabata transplant.
Kedu otu esi ahọrọ ọkwa ọkwa?
Ugbu a, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe dị ka mkpụrụ osisi beets, nke a na-eji mmalite ripening na iguzogide ọrịa.
O di nkpa icheta na onu ogugu ndi ozo nwere ihe ndi ozo:
Beet nkịtị | |||
Mgbọrọgwụ | Leafy | ||
Beetroot | Sugar beet. | Fodder biiti. | Aha ndị ọzọ:
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Ọ na-eme uhie ma na-acha ọcha. | Yellowish ọcha, eji mee shuga. Kasị oge ntozu okè. | Nkà na ụzụ, na-aga ịzụ ụmụ anụmanụ. Ụdị na agba nke iche iche dịgasị iche. | A na-eri akwụkwọ na petioles, ihe ubi anaghị adị. |
Beetroot | ||
Winifolia | Rubrifolia | Atrorubra |
Green leaves na petiole (mgbe ụfọdụ petiole weakly pigmented), mgbọrọgwụ nke elongated conical udi, nwere ike mgbọrọgwụ. | Agba aja uhie na akwukwo nri. Nkpuru ahihia, nke nwere okpukpuchi ma obu nke obosara. | Ọchịchị uhie na-acha ọbara ọbara na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha uhie uhie na-acha ọbara ọbara. |
Ụdị iche iche:
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Ụdị nhọrọ ọhụrụ:
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Sugar biiti:
- Kọdo;
- Nancy;
- Boheme;
- Bona;
- Sphinx;
- Mandarin.
Fọdder biiti:
- Lada;
- Milan;
- Olileanya;
- Barres;
- Dekọọ;
- Vermon, wdg.
Akwukwo osisi:
- Mma;
- Ncha;
- Red;
- Green;
- Belavinka;
- White Silver;
- White Silver 2;
- White Silver 3;
- Lucullus, wdg.
N'ụzọ bụ isi, n'ime ubi ha na-eto eto beets.
Kedu ọkwa dị mma?
Early varieties |
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Oge dị iche iche n'oge |
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Ụdị oge |
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Aro maka eto eto na ulo
- Ala
Na-anọpụ iche mmeghachi omume. A naghị atụ aro ka ịme nri ọhụrụ, dị ka mgbọrọgwụ nwere ike ịmalite ire ere. Maka oge dị iche iche dị iche iche ọ dị mkpa iji ezigbo ala na-amịpụta ala. Maka ụdị ndị ọzọ, ọ ga-ekwe omume iji ala dị arọ karị.
- Early beets.
Ha nwere 2-3 ị ga nke ọ bụla, ebe dị anya n'etiti oghere dị na 10 cm, nkwụsị nke oghere bụ 15-20 cm. N'ọgwụgwụ nke February - mmalite nke March, a na-agha mkpụrụ ahụ na griin ha, site na mbubreyo March ruo April - na ala na-emeghe (dika otu atụmatụ).
- Oge dị iche iche n'oge.
Na May ma ọ bụ June, a na-arụ ọrụ ịgha mkpụrụ. Ghaa nkpuru ma obu ato (otu nkpuru). N'ebe dị anya n'agbata sockets - 10-15 cm, ahịrị spacing 30 cm.
- Nkwalite Podzimnee.
Ọgwụgwụ nke June maọbụ mmalite nke July. N'ebe dị n'agbata sockets dị 7-8 cm, n'etiti ahịrị - 30 cm.
- Na-eto eto biiti seedlings.
Ihe bara uru - inweta akwukwo ahihia mbu dika ihe di ka iri abuo gara aga. Ịgha mkpụrụ beets ekwesịghị ịmalite tupu April, ma n'etiti etiti May, ị nwere ike ịmị osisi na-emeghe n'ala. Na usoro a nke kụrụ, n'adịghị ka a kụrụ n'ala na-emeghe, ọ bụghị ihe dị mkpa. Mgbe a na-atụgharị n'ime ala na-emeghe, mgbọrọgwụ dị mkpirikpi na-ebelata ruo otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ogologo.
Iji mee ngwa ngwa, seedlings na-echebe site na anyanwụ na ihe na-abụghị nke a kpara na mmiri na mmiri na ihe ngwọta. Mgbe seedlings dị ike karị, ewepụkwa ebe obibi ahụ, a na-etinye osisi ahụ ọkụ, mgbe ahụ, a na-agbazi akụkụ ebe a na-akụ ihe iji nọgide na-echebe ala mmiri ma chebe megide ahịhịa.
Nzuzo nke ezi owuwe ihe ubi
Kedu ka esi eto beets n'ọhịa?
- E kwesịghị ịmaliteghachi mkpuru osisi, ebe obere osisi na-agbanye mgbọrọgwụ.
- Usoro ntanetị maka fodder biiti dị ezigbo mkpa, ebe ọ na-eme ka arụpụta ọrụ ya.
- Nkpuru osisi choro ichota ihe ndi ozo, karia boron.
- Maka akwa mgbakwasa ọ ka mma ịhọrọ osisi ash na potash nri.
- A na-emepụta ahịhịa na ngwa ngwa mgbe mmalite nke seedlings nke beets.
Nzọụkwụ na-elekọta
Ịgbara
Karịsịa, ọ bụ mgbe nile ka beets na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ. Banyere 10 lita kwa 1 m² kwesịrị nọrọ kwa izu. Mmiri oke mmiri dịkwa njọ, n'ihi na ọ nwere ike iduga n'ọganihu akwukwo., ọ bụghị mgbọrọgwụ akwụkwọ nri. Ọ bụrụ na saịtị ahụ abụghị mulch, ọ ga-esite n'echi na-esote ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ ghaghị ịkụcha ya. Iji mee ka sugar na ọdịnaya nke beets n'ihu ịsa mmiri, ị ghaghị igbari tablespoon nke okpokoro nnu. Iji meziwanye njedebe nke mkpụrụ osisi mgbọrọgwụ, a kwụsịrị ịgbara mmiri izu abụọ tupu owuwe ihe ubi.
Uwe elu
A ghaghị ịzụta beets kwa izu abụọ na ngwọta nke fatịlaịza potash (ihe dị ka pasent 3. Fatịlaịza kwa 10 lita mmiri), wụsara ma ọ dịkarịa ala iko abụọ n'okpuru osisi ọ bụla. Mgbe uto akwukwo di nwayo, a na-enye otu uzo ozo site n'igbu ahihia. I nwekwara ike inye nri nke mullein: 1 ịwụ nke mullein na ọkara ịwụ nke uyi maka bọket mmiri 10.
Nkà na ụzụ nzụlite
Uru nke na-eto eto beets n'elu akwụkwọ nri ndị ọzọ bụ ohere nke iji ígwè ọrụ.
- Mkpụrụ osisi. Enwere ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ na akpaka. A na-eji akụrụngwa eme ihe maka na-eto eto beets na nnukwu atụmatụ, akwụkwọ ntuziaka - maka na-eto eto n'ubi ha. A na-ekekọta ndị na-akpaghị aka na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ (nke kachasị ọsọ ọsọ nke 6 km / h) na pneumatic (7-8 km / h). A na-ahazi mkpụrụ mkpụrụ akwụkwọ maka ịgha mkpụrụ nke otu mkpụrụ, yana enyemaka ya ga-ekwe omume ịgha mkpụrụ ala 10 acre kwa elekere. Ekele maka ịgha mkpụrụ ziri ezi, a ga-enwe ike ịkụ mkpụrụ dị iche iche, yana nkesa ziri ezi nke ihe ọkụkụ.
- Echiche.
- Ndị ọrụ ubi. Ezubere maka weeding, fatịlaịza na hilling.
- Ndị na-ewe ihe ubi. Ebere maka owuwe ihe ubi sugar na fodder beets. E nwere ụdị abụọ: ụdị ntinye (mgbọrọgwụ sitere na ala site na ntinye ntanetị, a kwupụchakwara elu n'elu igwe) ma jiri nkwụsị dị n'elu.
- Ndị na-ewe ihe ubi
- Beetroot loaders. E nwere ebe a na-agafe agafe. Mee n 'nhọta nke mkpuru ahihia, ihichapu ala di iche iche, tinyere nhazi.
Ihe omuma nke oru ugbo
Tụlee ihe mere ihe ọkụkụ ahụ anaghị adị n'ubi n'ubi na ihe ọ bụla ị ga-eme ka ị nweta ihe ubi nke ọma.
- Ọ dị mkpa iji nyochaa ihu igwe: ọ bụrụ na kụrụ ndị kụrụ akụ na-adaba n'oké ikelata nke okpomọkụ, mgbe ahụ, ha nwere ike ịbanye tsvetushnost na-enweghị ovary nke mgbọrọgwụ.
- A gaghị atụ aro ịkụ osisi beets na ala mmiri na mmiri.
- Ọ bụrụ na a na-ahụ ọcha na-acha ọcha ahụ na ngalaba mgbọrọgwụ, ọ pụtara na bebs ejupụtawo na nri nitrogen. A naghị atụ aro ndị a maka nri.
Nchịkọta na nchekwa nke akwụkwọ nri
Na ịgha mkpụrụ n'oge, ị nwere ike ịnwale owuwe ihe ubi na mbido July., ma akụkụ kachasị nke osisi ga-emepụta nanị site n'August. Mgbe oge ịgha mkpụrụ beets na-egbute na ọkara nke abụọ nke September ma ọ bụ October. Maka nchekwa, a na-etinye ihe ubi n'ubi dị nso site na ibe ya, na-efesa ha na sawdust. Ọ dị mkpa iji chekwaa beets n'ime ụlọ a na-echebe site na ntu oyi.
Ọrịa na pests
Ọrịa | |
Nri ọrịa seedling seedlings | N'ihi ndo nke ihe a kụrụ n'ubi, mkpụrụ ikuku-bekee nke beets dries ma ghọọ nwa oji. Na esiwe na isi dries. Maka igbochi ọrịa, a na-eji ihe ngwọta nke Fitosporin mee ihe n'ubi a, ma jiri nlezianya tinye ya. |
Perinospora ma ọ bụ downy mildew | Ọ dị mkpa ka mmiri mee ihe ngwọta "Fitosporina". |
Ụdị akwụkwọ | Gwọọ ọrịa, na-ebelata mkpụrụ. Ugbu a, a chọpụtaghị ụzọ dị irè isi na-alụ ọgụ. |
Ogwu | |
Biiti aphid | Ọ dị mkpa ịgwọ osisi ahụ na nkwadebe "Fitoferm". Mgbe abụọ maka mgbe a ga-eri osisi nhazi. |
Mmiri na okpomọkụ ijiji | Ọ dị mkpa iji mmiri nnu sie mmiri ahụ (1 iko nnu n'ime ịwụ mmiri). |
Beetroot ahụhụ | Ihe kpatara mgbasa bụ igbo. |
Mgbochi nsogbu dị iche iche
- Mgbe chard na-eto eto (akwukwo ahihia), i ghaghi iwepu akwukwo ozo, nke a puru iji ya mee ihe ozugbo. Ma ọ bụghị ya, osisi ga-oge ntoju.
- Ogwu uhie na - egosi na ala acidic ma obu enwegh sodium. Iji kpochapụ nsogbu ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ka ịsaa ala na ntụ, wee wụsa osisi ozugbo na epupụta na mmiri nnu (1 iko nnu kwa lita 10). Tinye 1 l. ngwọta na 1 mita nke landings.
Beetroot bụ otu n'ime akwụkwọ nri ndị kacha baa uru: ọ bụ ọgaranya na vitamin na anụ ahụ, n'ihi na ọ bụ ọdịnaya antioxidant, a na-eji ya maka igbochi kansa, na mgbakwunye, bekee nwere ọgaranya na ígwè, nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe enyemaka dị mkpa n'ịgwọ ọrịa anaemia (ihe dị mma maka akwụkwọ nri mgbọrọgwụ?) N'oge enwere ụdị beets dị iche iche, a na-eji ya na nri, nri anụmanụ, na mmepụta shuga, nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ngwaahịa ndị kasị baa uru ná ndụ anyị.