Gymnocalycium bụ osisi mara mma nke ezinụlọ Cactus, nke gbasaala ụwa site na mpaghara ọzara nke South na Central America. Ihe ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọdịiche ahụ nwere ọdịiche dị n'etiti agba, ụdị na nha nke ị ga-ahụ maka onwe ha, ịghara ịkọ maka okooko osisi siri ike. Enwere ike ịchọpụta ọtụtụ mbipụta naanị mgbe afọ ole na ole gasịrị, yabụ, ndị na-eto ifuru na-ahọrọ ịzụta ọtụtụ hymnocalyciums otu oge ma mepụta n'otu ite ihe mejupụtara pụrụ iche n'ụdị agwaetiti nke ọzara.
Nkọwa nke Botanical
Cactus Gimnocalicium bụ perennial nwere nnukwu mgbọrọgwụ nke na-abanye n'ime ala. N'elu elu bụ bọọlụ gbara agba. Ọbụna na osisi toro eto, dayameta nke azuokokoosisi adịghị agafe 4-15 cm, ogo ya dịkwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara ahụ. N'okpuru ọnọdụ eke, ụdị anụ na-acha aja aja mara mma. Oge ụfọdụ aja aja na-apụta n’elu elu.
Ndi igbo n’enwe otutu ahihia eji achọ ha nma nke na-acha aja aja. Ha bụ odo, ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ oroma. Emere nke a site na iwepu chlorophyll na mkpụrụ ndụ cactus ha, na ụdị ihe ọkụkụ dị otú ahụ nwere ike itolite na isi ike ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
Nkpuru osisi nile nwere 12-32 akpọrọ ọgịrịga ọgịrịga kpuchie ya. A na-emikpu ogwu ogwu dị n'okpuru ebe a na villi mkpụmkpụ ọla edo. Ogologo oghere ya dị 1.3-3.8 cm N'etiti etiti bụ 3-5 ogologo, agịga ogologo, na n'akụkụ ya enwere mkpụmkpụ mkpụmkpụ.
Oge ntụpọ na hymnocalycium na - aputa site na Mee rue November. Okooko osisi dị n’elu azuokokoosisi ahụ. Iko mechiri emechi bu enweghi mmebi na akwara. Ha na-abụ nke ọma sepals tightly -agide onwe ha. Okooko osisi nwere agba nwere ihe dị ọtụtụ nwere ahịrị osisi lanceolate. N'ime etiti ahụ bụ tube nwere ogologo, nke jupụtara na stamens site n'ime. Agba nke petals ahụ nwere ike ịbụ odo, ude, ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ utu. Ọkwa nke ifuru ahụ bụ 2-7 cm.
Ejiri obere akpịrị kpuchie mkpụrụ osisi akwa akwa, dịkwa ka ogige. Ogologo ya anaghị agafe 4 cm. Ringcha nwere ike acha ọbara ọbara, odo odo ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
Echiche ndị ama ama
Ọkpụkpọ nke hymnocalicium dị ọtụtụ, mana ọ bụ naanị ole na ole ka eji na omenaala.
Igwe ogwu a gbara ọtọ. Ọkpụkpụ n'ụdị bọl a na-emebi emebi nwere mbara n'obere, dị ka a ga - asị na ọ zara aza, ọgịrịga ya. N'elu ahịhịa ndụ gbara ọchịchịrị dị larịị enwere ụyọkọ mkpụrụ osisi na-acha uhie uhie 1-1.3 cm n'ogologo. A na-eji ifuru ma ọ bụ ude buru ibu chọọ elu ya mma.
Gimnokalitsium Mikhanovich. Varietydị a bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. Azụ stem ahụ rere ure anaghị agafe cm 5 n'ogologo. Mkpụrụ ego ọla ọcha na-adị obere. Greenish-pink ma ọ bụ ifuru dị n'ụdị mgbịrịgba sara mbara dị na mpaghara elu nke azuokokoosisi. Ọ bụ hymnocalicium Mikhanovich ghọrọ ihe ndabere maka ndị na-azụ nwa na mmepe nke ngwakọ na-abụghị nke chlorophilic nke agba aja aja-odo, odo na odo.
Gionocalycium Salio. Akpukpo azumahia nke nwere dayameta ruru 30 cm kpuchie ya na akpukpo isi awọ. N'agbata oghere dị obosara bụ ọgịrịga nwere nku na-agba gburugburu. Mkpụrụ osisi na-acha ọbara ọbara na-acha uhie uhie na-eduga n'akụkụ ya. Ogologo ha nwere ike iru cm 4. Ejiri okooko osisi na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ nke pink dị ọcha.
Hymnocalycium wedara n'ala. A na -akpo azuokokoosisi bluish-acha akwụkwọ ndụ nke ahịhịa a na ogologo, kama ogologo oge. E nwere ihe nlele nwere dayameta ruru 20 cm na ịdị elu nke ruru cm 50. N’oge okooko, ifuru dị ogologo na-etolite n’elu, n’elu nke ifuru ifuru ma ọ bụ na-acha odo odo.
Gymnocalycium nke Quel. A na-adọka ọgịrịga nke nwere amịlị adịghị elu karịa sentimita 10 n'ịdị elu ya. Okooko osisi buru ibu nke nwere ifuru na-acha ọcha nwere uhie uhie n’isi ahụ.
Gimnokalitsium mix. Otu a bụ ngwakọta nke ụdị obere obere nwere dayameta na-erughị cm 5. Osisi ndị dị otú ahụ na-etolite n'otu akpa, na-ejikọta ya na agba na ọdịdị.
Zọ usoro ahịhịa
Mmebi nke hymnocalicium ga-ekwe omume site na ahịhịa na usoro nke seminal. Akwukwo nri na - agbasa ya karie ka o ga nari. Ọtụtụ osisi na usoro nke uto, na-enweghị mkpali ọ bụla, na-enweta Ome n'akụkụ, nke na-agbanye mkpọrọgwụ n'ụzọ dị mfe. Ọ bụ naanị na ị kwesịrị ịhapụ ịsa ahụ ma kpọnwụ ya ruo awa iri abụọ na anọ. N’ime nnukwu ite ala peat dị ọcha ma ọ bụ ájá dị ọcha, a na-agbanye mkpụrụ osisi ahụ nwayọọ. Ka ọ ghara ịda, ịnwere ike iji ya nyere ya ọkụ. Mgbatị ahụ pụtara ngwa ngwa, karịchaa ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-eme usoro ahụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ-oge oyi, a na-atụ aro iji ọkụ ọkụ.
Plantsfọdụ osisi na-ahapụ mkpọrọgwụ. Ha nwere mgbọrọgwụ nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na osisi nne. Ọ ka mma ịkụnye nwa n’oge na-emegharị ya, na-ekewapụ mgbọrọgwụ na ala. Emere ntụgharị ahụ ozugbo n’ime ala maka osisi toro eto.
Mmeputakwa nkpuru nke hymnocalicium choro mgbali ndi ozo, ma achoputara na umu osisi na –ekwusi ike ma sie ike. A kwadebere igbe dị larịị nke nwere ájá ọma na mkpụrụ osisi peat. Tupu iji ya, a ga-eme ya ihe n’ọkụ n’ọkụ n’ekwú ọtụtụ awa. A na-eji nwayọ nwayọ n’elu ala ma kpọnwụọ ha. A ga-akpachapụ anya ka ụwa ghara ịta kpamkpam. Mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka + 20 Celsius C, seedlings na-apụta n'ime ụbọchị iri. A na-eme ntụgharị n'ime akpa dị iche naanị mgbe otu afọ gachara.
Iwu acgba ọgwụ mgbochi
Gimnokalitsium Mikhanovich nwere mkpị nwere agba enweghị ike itolite na ala, yabụ etinyere ya na kọlụm ọzọ. Ọzọkwa, site n'enyemaka nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi, ị nwere ike ịchekwa osisi kachasị amasị gị nke tara ahụhụ site na mgbọrọgwụ ire ere.
N'elu kọlọtọ nke nwere usoro gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ (rootstock), a na-eme mbepụ na-adịghị mma site na iji agụba. Otu ịkpụ na-eme na scion. A na - akụ mkpụrụ osisi siri ike megide ibe ya ma dochie ya site na iji ya. Mgbe ihe dị ka otu izu gachara, a ga-ewepụ nke ọma ma ọ fụchaa ya.
Gymnocalicium ntụgharị
A na-ebugharị mgbatị Gymnocalycium kwa afọ 1-3 na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi. Usoro a ga - enyere gị aka iburu ite a ga - eji mee ya. Ọ ga-akarị ọkara akpụrụ ite ụrọ. A na-ahọrọ ite ahụ sara mbara ma dịkwa omimi karịa nke gara aga.
A na - eji ngwakọta mejupụtara ala maka hymnocalycium:
- ala mpempe akwụkwọ (akụkụ 3);
- ájá (akụkụ 3);
- peat (akụkụ 2);
- ala turf (akụkụ 2);
- iberibe icheku (akụkụ 1).
Ọnụnọ ha na ala adịghị anakwere. Mgbe ịghagharịchara, ihe ọkụkụ a na-akachasị ịgbara ya mmiri otu izu.
Atụmatụ nlekọta
Gymnocalycium achọghị nlekọta nke ọma n'ụlọ, mana ọ nwere ọnọdụ ahọpụtara nke ọma. Mgbe ahụ, obere alaka ya na-emepụta ákwà mgbochi siri ike ngwa ngwa, n'oge ọkọchị, okooko osisi mara mma ga-atọ ha ụtọ.
Ọkụ Osisi ahụ chọrọ oke ọkụ. Ọ na-anabatakarị ìhè anyanwụ kpọmkwem, ọbụlagodi na oke ọkụ. Ogologo oge nke ụbọchị dị n'ime afọ ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na-erughị awa iri na abụọ, yabụ n'oge oyi, ọ bara uru iji oriọna ọkụ.
Okpomọkụ Oge okpomoku kwesịrị ịdị nha + 20 ... + 24 Celsius C, mana ọbụlagodi + 30 Celsius C nke hymnocalycium ga-enwe obi uto N’oge oyi, ọ dị mkpa ịbufe osisi ahụ n’ebe a na-ajụkarị oyi (+ 12 ... + 15 Celsius C), mana ịjụ oyi dị n'okpuru + 8 Celsius C ga-emebi ya.
Iru mmiri. Igwe kpọrọ nkụ maka kọlọtọ abụghị nsogbu. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ ga-eji asa ahụ sachaa ya. Ekwesịrị ịmalite ịsa ahụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi na ọkọchị.
.Gbara mmiri. A ga-etolite Gymnocalicium n’elu ala ọma. Ọ bụ adịghị mmiri, ma n'ụba. Ekwesịrị ịde mmiri mmiri ngwa ngwa site na pan. N'etiti ịgbara ụwa kwesịrị nkụ kpamkpam. N’oge udu mmiri, osisi toro eto ezuola ide mmiri nke 1-3 n’ime oge. Mmiri kwesịrị ịdị ọkụ ma nwetụ acid acid.
Fatịlaịza. A na-enye cactus nri naanị na ogige ịnweta. A na-etinye fatịlaịza n’ala a kwa ọnwa. Ọ dị mkpa ịhọrọ iberibe pụrụ iche maka ndị na - eme nri nwere obere ọdịnaya nitrogen dị ala n'ụdị edozi ma ọ bụ nsogbu dị iche iche.
Ọrịa na Ọrịa
Gymnocalyciums na-ata ahụhụ site na mgbọrọgwụ ire ere na-enwekarị ide mmiri nke ala. Ugbo agha a na-akpasu iwe bụ mealybugs na akọrọ red. Ọ bụ obere ịhụ parasaiti, mana ọmarịcha ntụ ma ọ bụ ịgba ọcha na spraying na azuokokoosisi agaghị ewepụ anya nke ndị na-elebara anya. Igwu mmiri na mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na ịgwọ ọrịa ahụhụ (Aktara, Aktellik, Karbofos) na-enyere aka ịnagide ụmụ ahụhụ.
