Ebe a ma ama nke plum ebe nchekwa Timiryazev bu onye isi ndi ubi nke Russia. Nke a bụ ihe dị ịtụnanya na-agbanwe agbanwe ma sie ike. Mkpụrụ osisi ndị na-acha ọbara ọbara, na-adọgidesi ike n'akụkụ alaka mgbụsị akwụkwọ, bụ ụgwọ ọrụ a na-atụ anya ndị bi n'oge ọkọchị maka ndidi na nlekọta.
Akụkọ banyere okike nke piom iche Pamyat Timiryazeva
Enwetara ebe nchekwa Plum Timiryazev site na ịgafe ụdị uhie uhie na Victoria na Skorospelka. Ndị dere akwụkwọ a bụ ọkà mmụta banyere ọrịa anụmanụ - Pomologist V. A. Efimov, H. K. Enikeev na S. N. Satarova. Ka atulechara ọtụtụ ụdị n’afọ 1959, agụnyere plọb na Ndenye aha na nkwanye iji zụlite ya na mpaghara Penza nke Middle Volga yana ọtụtụ mpaghara Central:
- Moscow
- Ryazan
- Smolensk
- Tula.
Ọbụna plọg na-enweghị ụdị nke Pamyat Timiryazev dịgasị iche iche na-atọ ụtọ
Nkọwa nke osisi na mkpụrụ osisi
Osisi nile di iche-iche nwere okpukpu okpukpu nke okpukpu okpukpu. Ome aja aja na-acha aja aja na-eto na ha. Okpukpo ahihia di okpukpu n’obere, na-acha odo odo, ya na obere ihe na-akawanye mma, nwere udi ogiri-acha na ala.
Na okooko osisi nke piom na-aputa ihe n’afọ iri nke abụọ nke Mee.. Corolla dị ọcha, ụdọ nke pestle na-egosipụta karịa nke nne na stamens. Ifuru ahụ na-arapara n'ahụ Ome na alaka afọ kwa afọ. Residentsfọdụ ndị bi n'oge ọkọchị na-akwado ịmachi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụmụ nwanyị, nke na-emetụta ogo nke ihe ọkụkụ.
Ncheta Plum Timiryazev na-enye ọtụtụ ifuru, ọ bụ ya mere ụfọdụ ndị bi n'oge ọkọchị na-atụ aro ka amachi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ovaries iji nweta mkpụrụ dị elu.
Mkpụrụ nke iche iche nke ebe nchekwa Timiryazev bụ nke nwere obere, gburugburu, na-atụ 22-25 g. Akpụkpọ ahụ na-acha odo odo nwere ọtụtụ ntụpọ na-acha ọbara ọbara na ụcha dị mma n'akụkụ n'akụkụ chere ihu n'anyanwụ. Elu mkpụrụ osisi ahụ adịghị nke ọma, kpuchitere ya kpuchie ya. Mkpụrụ osisi pulp na-acha odo odo, okpo mmiri, kemmiri ihe. Ọkpụkpụ piom bụ oval, obere (na-erughị 6% nke ibu nke nwa ebu n’afọ), na-ekewa n’ụzọ dị mfe. Okpokoro okpokoro na-enye mkpụrụ osisi ahụ nnukwu nchekwa na nchekwa n'oge njem.
Mkpụrụ dị n'ụwa niile na ngwa: ha na-eripịa ọhụrụ, na billets, ha dịkwa ụtọ na marinade dị ka efere akụkụ maka nri anụ.
Ajụbuola m ọgwụgwọ ọkụ maka mkpụrụ osisi, ebe ezinụlọ m anaghị ahụ nsogbu na oke. Ọ ka mma n'oge oyi bụ compote nke piom. Mkpụrụ, na-enweghị defrosting, wụsa esi mmiri, mee ka a obụpde karịrị ọkara okpomọkụ ma gbanyụọ. Maka 3 lita nke compote, tinye naanị 2-3 tablespoons shuga. Pọlọ na-adị ok, emeghị obụpde, na compote onwe ya anaghị enwe shuga, dị ọhụrụ, na-a drunkụbiga mmanya ókè.
Tupu ntu oyi, ọ ka mma iwepu mkpụrụ sitere na nsị, mgbe ahụ enwere ike iji ha ozugbo na friji
Zọ ọzọ ị ga - esi chekwa ihe ọkụkụ bụ ite shuga. Iji mee nke a, kewapụ mkpụrụ osisi m dị ọhụrụ na mkpụrụ, pịgharịa site na anụ anụ ma gbakwunye shuga na oke nke 1: 1.5. Ebido ihe kpatara ya nke ọma na ngaji osisi ruo mgbe shuga kpamkpam, gbanye n’ime ite. Site na pectin ekenyela, a na-etinye gel nke ọma ma chekwaa ya na mpụga friji. Emezie nkwadebe a wee jiri mmiri wụchaa ma drunkụọ mmiri dị ka ihe ọ fruitụ fruitụ mkpụrụ osisi. Vitamin na isi nke plum na usoro a na - ebughi.
Njirimara dịgasị iche
Icheta Timiryazev bu nkpuru udiri udiri nke puru iche. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ na-eto n'oge ngwụsị August na mbido Septemba. Ugboro a anaghị ekwu okwu ya (na nkọwapụta na weebụsaịtị VNIISPK, a chọpụtara na ihe ọkụkụ kụrụ ugboro ise n'ime afọ iri na isii gara aga). N'ihi oke ọmụmụ nke onwe, ihe ọkụkụ na mkpụrụ osisi na-amị.
Ihe di iche-iche na-etolite ngwa ngwa, mgbe ha ghachara nkpuru umu ha dika afo ato rue nkpuru ato ha na anata nkpuru mbu. Maka ndị bi n'oge ọkọchị na-enweghị ndidi, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịnweta ihe ọkụkụ mbụ site na graft iche iche na ngwaahịa okenye. N'okwu a, ọtụtụ mkpụrụ osisi piom ga-amasị afọ na-esote.
Osisi dị ogologo, na-eto ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike ruo mgbe 20-21. Ihe puru iche Pamyat Timiryazev bu ihe eji amuputa elu:
- Osisi na-eto eto na-enye kilogram nke mkpụrụ 9-6;
- A na-egbute 20-25 n'arọ nke plọg dị mma nke sitere n'osisi okenye. Mkpụrụ kacha - 35 n'arọ!
Otu n'ime ọghọm dị n'ime ndị dịgasị iche iche, obere osisi siri ike n'oge osisi kwuru. Agbanyeghị, ọ nwere ikike ịmụpụta mkpụrụ, na-enye ohere ka ọ gbakee mgbe ọnya ọnya. Ome na buds ndị ọzọ na-eguzogide ntu.
Ọ dị mma itinye ihe Timiryazev maka oge oyi, n'agbanyeghị, ụdị nchekwa ahụ ga-enyekwa nchebe ịdabere na ya megide akụrụngwa.
Ntme ụdị piom Pamyat Timiryazev
Maka osisi họrọ mpaghara ndị nwere ọkụ dị mma nke dị 1.5-2 m karịa ọkwa mmiri nke ala. N’agbata osisi dị nso na-ahapụ oghere dịkarịa ala 3-3.5. Plum anaghị amasị ndo.
Osisi na-etolite na mbara na-enweta okpomọkụ na ọkụ zuru ezu site na anyanwụ, nke na-enye mkpụrụ osisi ahụ ụtọ na-atọ ụtọ nke ukwuu. Na mpụga mpaghara a tụrụ aro, na mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị na north, ụdị a na-etokwa. N'ihi ike na ọmụmụ ọmụmụ, o nwere ike inye ezigbo ihe ubi, mana uto nke mkpụrụ osisi anaghị egosipụta ya, enweghị nke ndo ya maka na ọ na-akọ ya nke ọma.
A na-ewere oge kachasị mma maka ịgha mkpụrụ osisi piom seedlings. N’ebe a na-akwụghị ụgwọ, nke ọma, na-echebe site na ikuku oyi na-atụ, ha na-egwu olulu ebe dayameta nke 80 cm na omimi nke 60-70 cm.
N’ebe a na - eji ájá apịasị mee ihe, ọ dị mkpa ikewapụ elu ala nke ala. A na-ewepụ ụdị ndị na-adịghị emepụta ihe. Iji dooxidize ma mee ka ala mepụta, ntụ ọka dolomite (3-5 n'arọ) jikọtara ya na ntụ ahịhịa dị elu nke ala, bred (2-3 bọket) na nkụ osisi (1 l). E nwere nri ga-ezuru gị na mmanụ dị ụdị nke a maka ịgbari afọ 2-3.
Ọdịda Ala:
- Na otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke omimi nke olulu ahụ, a na-awụ okwute okwute ka a gbapụta ma nye mkpụrụ osisi ahụ calcium.
- Wụsaa ya na ngwakọta nke ala nke edobere mkpụrụ.
Tupu ịwụnye pịpịpị pọmpu n'ime oghere ahụ, weta mkpọmkpọ ebe iji gbasaa mgbọrọgwụ na ya
- Mejupụta ala nke fọdụrụ, na-emegharị osisi ahụ ntakịrị ka enweghị mkpọtụ.
- Na ndịda n'akụkụ nke osisi nwere ọdịda osisi kegide.
- Jiri nwayọ kọọ ala gburugburu azuokokoosisi nke na - ekwe ka akpịrị gbadata agbago 4-5 cm n'elu ala.
Olu mgbọrọgwụ mgbe ị na-akụ plọm kwesịrị ịdị 4-5 cm karịa ala
- A na-etolite olulu mmiri, ebe a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ ebute bọket 2-3 nke mmiri edozi, na-agbakwunye oge ọ bụla, ozugbo mmiri ahụ na-abanye.
- A na-eji ahịhịa humus, peat, ma ọ bụ ahịhịa na-acha ahịhịa amịkpọ ma ọ bụ ahịhịa akpọnwụ akpọnwụ mee. Nke a na - eme ka ọ dịrị na - ejigide mmiri ma dobe ala ahụ.
Vidiyo: na –eme ahihia na olulu akuku ahihia
Mgbe ịghachara, a na-egbutu azuokokoosisi ya dị elu nke 45-50 cm.
Akụkụ nke ịkụ na nlekọta
Ọ bụrụ na n’oge a na-akọ olulu ahụ maka nri (dika akọwara n’okpuru), mgbe ahụ, ha ga-ezuru afọ abụọ n’ịzụ mkpụrụ. N'afọ nke atọ n'oge opupu ihe ubi, ịnwere ike ịgbakwunye 1-2 tablespoons nke urea n'otu mmiri. N'oge ọkọchị, gbakwunye 2 tablespoons nke dị mfe ma ọ bụ 1 tablespoon nke superphosphate abụọ, na 1 tablespoon nke potassium sulfate n'okpuru osisi ọ bụla. Iji nye nri potassium, ị nwere ike itinye 200 ml nke osisi ash n'okpuru osisi ọ bụla. Kama fatịlaịza nke ịnweta mineral, bọket 1 nke ahịhịa ma ọ bụ humus kwesịrị ekwesị.
Ọ dị mkpa ka ị ghara iji nri ọhụrụ, ebe ọ nwere ọtụtụ nitrogen. Ekwesịrị inye nri fatịlaịza Nitrogen naanị ná mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi, ka ọ ghara ịkwalite uto kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. A na-etinye nri Phosphoric na potassium n'oge ọkọchị na ụbịa.
N’oge a na-etolite, a na-emeghari ahihia nke ugboro abụọ ugboro abụọ, nke na-egbochi uto nke ahịhịa, ma, ọ bụrụ na-emebi emebi, na-emekwa ka ala ahụ dị mkpa mejupụta ala.
Maka uto nkịtị na mmepe, ikwesiri ịkwachaa. Enwere ụdị abụọ nke ịkụ:
- ịdị ọcha - a na-ewepu ya na mwepụ nke ọrịa, nke gbajiri agbaji. A na-egbukwa, ịgafe na okpueze dị n'ime ala. Nke a na-eme ka ikuku ya na mma ya dị mma karị, na-egbochi mmebi nke ọrịa na ọrịa;
- na - eme ntuli aka - ya bu imeputa okpu eji eme akwa. Osisi ndị dị otú ahụ anaghị ebu ibu, okpueze ha na-enwu ọkụ karịa, yabụ, mkpụrụ osisi na-enweta ọkụ na okpomọkụ zuru oke. Na-akpụ Nzọụkwụ:
- N'ime afọ atọ mbụ, a na-ahapụ Ome ise ma ọ bụ isii siri ike ọkpụkpụ, na-eduzi ya iche.
- Kwa oge opupu ihe ubi, ha na-ebelata site na otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ogologo.
- Mgbe piom bidoro ịmị mkpụrụ, wepụ ihe onye na-ebugharị etiti n’elu alaka ụlọ ọrụ kachasị ukwuu, na-enye okpueze ahụ otu iko ma ọ bụ nnukwu efere.
N'iji aprịkọt dị ka ihe atụ, ị nwere ike ịhụ ka okpueze kpụrụ akpụ siri dị.
Thegbara piom nke Pamyat Timiryazev dịgasị iche iche chọrọ agafeghị oke, ebe o nwere ndidi unwu ala. Ha na-enye mmiri mgbe ha lechara ọnọdụ ala ahụ dị n'okpuru mulch ma hụ na ala ahụ dị n'okpuru ya kpọrọ nkụ. Site na ị wateringụbiga mmiri ókè, a na-achụpụ ikuku site na ala, nke mgbọrọgwụ dị ya mkpa. N’oge opupu ihe ubi, a na-agba mmiri n’ụba n’oge ifuru, imeju nke akwa, ozugbo owuwe ihe ubi. Nke ikpeazụ, ịkwanye mmiri, na-agba mmiri na Ọktọba, otu ọnwa tupu ihu igwe oyi na-atụ anya.
Ọrịa na Ọrịa
Ihe puru iche Pamyat Timiryazeva na egosiputa nnukwute nguzogide na kleasterosporiosis na nkpuru mkpuru osisi, ma osisi ndi ozo na acho ndi ozo.
Iji kpuchido ahịhịa site na ahụhụ ọ bụla na ọrịa ndị ọzọ, ịkwesịrị inye osisi na nlekọta kwesịrị ekwesị:
- Anwụ ga-eji anyanwụ kpuchie okpueze ya, ka o wee sie ike;
- A ga-ewepụrịrị ma kpochapụ ndị ọrịa niile ntu oyi na-agba ma ọ bụ osisi mebiri n’oge.
Ọrịa ma ọ bụ gbajie n'oge opupu ihe ubi n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ga-ewepụ ma mebie ya
Maka mgbochi, nke dị mma karịa ọgwụgwọ ọ bụla, a na-eme ihe ndị a n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ:
- n'oge ọdịda, a na-emeso pọmpụ mmiri na mmiri Bordeaux, na-awụpụ ome na ala n'okpuru osisi na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma site na elu ruo na ala;
- A na-achịkọta akwụkwọ ndị dara ada n'okpuru osisi wee kpọọ ha ọkụ iji wepu ma enwere ike ịgbasa ọrịa ọrịa fungal;
- ala a na-adọka akpọnwụwo akpọnwụwo, a na-ata ata, a na-egbutu ome.
Achoputara na oburu na i jiri oso ncha ncha fesa okpueze osisi, ndi n’iile n’iile na-efe efe. N'agbanyeghị, ọbụna mmiri dị mfe mgbe ị na-agba mmiri nke ọma na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke pests.
Ọ bụ ihe siri ike karịa tufuo gall akọrọ, ọdịdị nke nwere ike mata site na ọnụnọ nke na-eto eto Ome nke -acha ọbara ọbara na-eto na n'ụgbụgbọ. Iji lụso pesti a ọgụ, a chọrọ ọgwụ ahụhụ dị ka Danadim. Tupu budding, megide wintering nke pests, a na-eji ọgwụ 30 Plus (MME) eme ihe otu ugboro. Ike nke ihe ngwọta na-arụ ọrụ kwa osisi bụ 2-2.5 lita.
Enwere ike amata ọdịdị nke ihe eji egbu mara akpụ na piom site na ọnụnọ nke ome na-eto eto nke ihe na-acha uhie uhie na ndagwurugwu.
N'ihe banyere mmebi aphid, a na-eji ọgwụ Biotlin mee ihe. N’agbata izu abụọ, a na-eji ihe ndị a etinyere ahịhịa niile ugboro abụọ, ebe aphids na-emetụtakarị mkpụrụ osisi dị iche iche. Izu ato tupu owuwe ihe ubi, ịkwụsị ịmịkọrọ ya na Biotlin akwụsị.
Iji lụso ọgụ aphids ọgụ na-aga nke ọma, osisi niile na-amị mkpụrụ ka a na-eji ọgwụ ọgwụ
N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi, ogwe osisi ahụ na akwara nke mkpụrụ osisi ahụ na-acha ọcha nke ọma. Nke a na-echebe osisi ahụ site na ntu oyi ma na-egbochi ntoputa nke ụmụ ahụhụ na mpepu nke ahịhịa.
Nyocha nyocha
N'ime ụdị ndị nwalere nke gosipụtara onwe ha nke ọma, m na-ahụ ebe nchekwa Timiryazev. Emebere Y dịgasị iche na 1938 H. H. Y. Enikeev mepụtara. A gbara m ọgwụ mgbochi na 1999, na-amị mkpụrụ kwa afọ kemgbe 2000, ewezuga oge ọkọchị gara aga. Ibu ibu sitere na 25 g ma ọ bụ karịa, akpụkpọ ahụ siri ike, nke nwere obere okwute, na-ekewa nke ọma. Ire na-enweghị frills, m na-enwe ekele maka ntụkwasị obi.
Anatoly
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Enwere m plọg na-eto eto - dịka nkọwa si dị na ya yiri Memory nke Timiryazev, ọ tụrụ m n'anya ngbanwe nke agba nke mkpụrụ osisi. Tastetọ mkpụrụ osisi mara mma, ọkpụkpụ na-ekewa n’adịghị mma. N'afọ a, otu esi agbawa agbaji ... etu ọ si malite… Ọ dị mma, echere m na anyị ga-eri ude. SHCHAZ! Mkpụrụ osisi malitere ire ere ngwa ngwa (ebe otu izu na ọkara) ha niile kpọnwụrụ wee gbarie. Enwere iri na abuo hapụrụ ...
Alay
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Kwughachi (Alay @ 09/13/2016, 9:30 a.m.): Ighalo oso !! Lee nnukwu nke maka Ncheta Timiryazev! Nke m pere mpe, ọkpụkpụ na-ekekwa nke ọma. Mana ikekwe n’ihi ọtụtụ afọ nke mmegharị, ọ gbanwelata ntakịrị. Anọgidere m na-akụ ya. Ihe dị ka afọ iri ise ugbua!
oroma
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Natalka78 kwuru: Azụtara m piom na pọmpụ Timiryazev, na ọnwa abụọ mmụba karịrị otu mita, biko gwa m, nke a bụ ihe dị mma maka plums? Kedu ihe m zụtara?
Nke a gosiri na ọ “mara mma nke ukwuu.” Na ebe nchekwa Timiryazev, isi iyi oge oyi dị nso na nkezi. Ọ bụrụ na oge oyi na-abịanụ bụ obi ọjọọ, mgbe ahụ piom nwere ike ifriizi. Iji gbochie ya, ọ kwesiri ịdị nwantụrụ obere. Amachibidoro Nitrogen na ịsa mmiri nke ukwuu (naanị opekata mpe). Ejiri m ntinye akụrụ dị n’afọ elu. Mgbe ahụ uto siri ike na-akwụsị, uto na-eto. Ọ bụrụ na ịmalite pincer ke July, mgbe ahụ, fruiting ga-ekwe omume na-esote afọ.
toliam1
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Memorydị iche iche nke workaholic ebe nchekwa Timiryazev dị na agba mbụ jupụtara na ụtọ mkpụrụ osisi, nkwụsi ike nke ihe ọkụkụ na iguzogide ihu igwe wepụrụ ebe nsọpụrụ n'ubi anyị.
