Akara obere na-emerụ ahụ nke saplings: birch, mkpụrụ osisi na akpu

N'ime ogwe osisi nke osisi ọ bụla, e nwere nnukwu oyi akwa na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma - sapwood.

O juputara ohere n'etiti isi nke osisi na ogbugbo, bụ onye na-eduzi nri na mmiri site na mgbọrọgwụ ruo okpueze na azụ.

N'ebe a na-eme nri ma biri obere ebe site na ezinụlọ nke ogbugbo - ndị sapwood.

Umu umu na mpaghara ndi nkesa

200 ụdị ogbe ogbugwu abanye n'ime ihe ndị na-emepụta mkpụrụ osisi nke mkpụrụ osisi nke Northern Hemisphere na South America, na 50 n'ime ha na-anọchi anya ya na ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na mba anyị.

Ụmụ ahụhụ ndị a "machasị" ma ndị a kụrụ (apụl, ube, wdg) nakwa na osisi ọhịa dịka ash ash, hawthorn, cornel, deciduous na osisi coniferous.

Oge nile nke mmepe nke ebe a na-ewere ọnọdụ n'ime osisi dị mkpa nke osisi, ya mere eme ka ọ ghara imebi emebi, na-egwu ala site na ọtụtụ amaokwu, na-agbanye ha na nkwụ ahụ ọkụ, na-ebibi mkpụrụ ndụ cambium (na-enye ụba nke anụ ahụ), na-eme ka ahụ gwọọ ya.

Maka ozi: Otu osisi sapwood na-abanye n'ime ndụ ya ruo 3 strokes 6 cm ogologo. Mmeghari nke otu nwanyi ruru 100 nsen. Ị nwere ike ichetụ n'echiche mmebi nke otu ọgbọ nke pests ndị a na-eme.

Ihe dika osisi obula nwee nsogbu gị (mono-phage), nke na-ahọrọ mkpụrụ osisi ndị a iji hụ na ọ dị adị:

• mkpụrụ osisi sap;
• birch sap;
• osisi saplings;
• almọnd;
• mpi, wdg.

Ụfọdụ ụdị na-egosi mmasị maka mpaghara nkesa:

• Ussuri;
• Moravitsa sapwood (Dauria, Northeast China).

A na-enye ụdị dị iche iche nke anụ ọhịa site na njirimara morphological nke ọrịa:

• pygmy caprice;
• wrinkled;
• Sapman

Mkpụrụ Ụdị Nkọwa

1. Sapod - ebe agba aja aja na agba aja aja:
   • ruo 4mm;
   • na nke onwunwu elytra na equilateral pronotum;
   • afọ nke agba asatọ, ogologo, sloping;
   • obere isi, dị ka a pụrụ isi kwuo ya, dọtara n'ime obi;
   • antennae nke nwere okpokoro oval na ikpere (klọb), nke a na-ekpuchi na ntutu;
   • isii na apịtị apical na ụkwụ ala;
   • nwere otutu ntutu na akpịrịkpa kpuchie ahụ dum.
2. Ụdị a na-ejikarị dimorphism.
3. Nsen na-acha ọcha, nkuzi nke oval dị elu ruo 1 mm ọ bụla. Na ịtọ - 50-100 nsen.
4. Ube ahu di ocha, di ocha, ya na uda uhie, ruo 5 mm; na mkpokọta oku nke na-enye ya njem; onye dị mkpa - agba aja aja;
5. Uhie dị ọcha na agba nke metamorphosis nke ebe, nke kwekọrọ na ya; okirikiri, nkenke nkenke, ya na oghere uzo siri ike.

Eziokwu: Ebe ọzọ, ebe ndị a na-amị mkpụrụ, na-anwa ịmị mkpụrụ osisi, karịsịa osisi nkume. Ọ dị ntakịrị na nha (ruo 3 mm) na chal na-acha ọbara ọbara na-enweghị mma. Ụgbọ njem ya maka ịchọta ebe obibi ọhụrụ ga-amalite ọnwa ọzọ ka e mesịrị - site na July ruo August.

Foto

Ị nwere ike ịhụ otú sapwood si ele foto dị n'okpuru:

Ọnọdụ nke mmepe nke birch sap

1. Ọdịdị nke ebe na osisi nke ga-aghọ ụlọ ya dabara mmalite nke June - n'etiti July.

   Birch sapwood na-ahọrọ ogwe osisi na alaka ndị dị ike nke osisi na-ebelata mgbe oge oyi gasịrị ma ọ bụ n'ihi mmebi nke ugbo nke osisi, na-araba n'ime ha ma na-edepụta ihe dị mkpirikpi, na-azụ na nwa na-eto eto. N'ebe ahụ, n'okpuru ogbugbo, na-ezukọta na ìgwè, ọ ga-anọgide na-anọ n'oge oyi.

2. Nwanyi nwere oru ozo: o choro igbata site na nnabata nke nnabata na mgbakwunye na nkuku na akuku akuku maka njide.

   Ịrụ ọrụ dị ike na-achọ mgbalị, ya mere nwanyị nọ na-akwadebe ebe maka ụmụ na-eri nri siri ike na nchekwa mmiri nke sapwood.

3. Fatịlaịza na-eme n'ogologo nke ọrịa strok ahụ, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, nwanyị na-etinye àkwá na fossa n'akụkụ ma na-ekpuchi ha site na ntụ ọka.

   Mgbe o mezuru nzube ya ma mechie ọnụ ụzọ ya na ahụ ya, ọ na-anwụ.

4. N'okwu ọkụ nke oghere ahụ, nsen na-abanye na mbempe, nke na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'amaokwu dị iche iche, na-eri sapwood. Wintering n'okpuru ogbugbo, ha na-akwụsị nri ruo mgbe mmiri.
5. Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti ọnwa Mee, mgbe ọ gwụchara, nwa ogwu ahụ na njedebe nke usoro ahụ na-emepụta "nest pupes", ebe usoro nke pupation na-ewere ọnọdụ.
6. Izu abụọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ebe ọhụrụ na-apụta site na red, dị njikere ịchọ ụlọ ya. Maka ịpụ apụ, sapling birch nwere ike ịnweta site na usoro ahụ.

Ọ dị mkpa: Ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke mbibi nke osisi site na mkpụrụ osisi bụ obere ntụ ọka ntụtụ nke na-esi na akụkụ ndị gnawed nwanyị. Na mkpụrụ nkume - chịngọm nke ọma na-agbanye. Osisi ahụ na-ada mbà, na-ebelata mkpụrụ, ma, ọ bụrụ na ọ na-amị mkpụrụ, ọ na-ebelata na mkpụrụ mkpụrụ.

Nchịkwa na mgbochi

Ntughari nke ndu na ebe na umu ya na ihe di iche iche nke mmepe di iche iche nke nmegide ndia:

1. Kwarantaini - iji gbochie mgbasa nke sapwood.
2. Ịkwalite nzụlite ugbo iji melite ahụike nke osisi ahụ ma wepụ ọnọdụ ndị na-emeju usoro ọmụmụ:
   • nhọrọ mgbanwe;
   • sanitary kwachaa;
   • ezu atọ;
   • ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ.
   Enyemaka: Otu osisi siri ike n'onwe ya nwere ike ịnagide sapwood. Iji mee nke a, o nwere ike ịgbanye ihe ọṅụṅụ na ụlọ ịwa mmiri na larvae, na-eme ka onye nke a nwụọ.
3. Ndu. Nbanye n'ime ịmị ụbụrụ - ụmụ ahụhụ (site na ezinụlọ Hymenoptera) na nnụnụ, bụ ndị iro nke anụ ọhịa, ma ọ bụ acarifagov - dịkwa ka usoro nje bacteria, dị ize ndụ maka ụdị ahụ. Utu na nkụ, greenfly jiji na anteraceae (pestryak) bụ ndị enyemaka dị mma n'ịlụ ọgụ megide mkpụrụ osisi sapwood.
4. Chemical - ịgba izu abụọ ọ bụla na ụmụ ahụhụ ("Aktar", "Vector", "Mospilan", "Confidor") ma ọ bụ phosphor-organic. Iji merie ebe, injections nke synthetic pyrethroids na-eji n'okpuru cortex ("Decis", "Sherpa", "Fastak").

A ghaghị iburu n'uche na larvae na pupae nke ogbugbo ebe anaghị anabata okpomọkụ okpomọkụ ma na-emeghe ìhè anyanwụ.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ na-emetụta dị ukwuu ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ dị iche iche n'oge okpomọkụ n'oge ikuku. Oké ọkọchị bụkwa ọdachi nye ha.

Dabere na ihe ọmụma a, ị nwere ike ịmepụta usoro iji gbochie ogige ahụ ka ọrịa a ghara ịda gị.