Osisi

Gladiolus: ihe banyere ahihia na ileba anya na mbara ala

Gladiolus bụ ahịhịa sitere n'oké ọhịa ndị dị na Africa na nke Mediterranean. Onye nnọchianya nke ezinụlọ Iris bụ ihe a ma ama n'etiti ndị ọrụ ubi n'ihi okooko osisi na-enweghị atụ na-enweghị atụ. Aha ozo maka gladiolus bu fennel.

Ifuru ahụ nwere ezigbo agwa, nke na-esighi ike - acidanthera, nke akpọrọ gladiolus na-esi ísì ụtọ, mana ọ bụ nke ezinụlọ Kasatikov. A na-eji ya eme ihe na iji gladuolus nweta ụdị ọhụrụ nwere isi ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ.

Nkọwapụta nke gladiolus

Gladiolus bụ perennial. Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ gburugburu ya bụ ọtụtụ akpịrịkpa wee na-emelite kwa afọ. Ọ nwere ike ịbụ ọcha, ojii, oji ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara. Ga-etolite etolite etolite etinyere ugo Ha ruru ogo dị ihe dị ka 50-170 cm. Akwụkwọ ndị gbara ọkpụrụkpụ dị gịrịgịrị, gbara aka na njedebe, na-eto site na 40-90 cm. Agba ha dịgasị iche site na bluish ruo akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ miri emi, dabere na ụdị na ụdị dịgasị iche iche. Ha na-ejide ike nke Ome site na ijikọ na ntọala. A na-ahụ inflorescences ma njikọkọ ma ọ bụ abụọ, na gburugburu.

Shapedị ahụ yiri mkpụrụ ntị ruo 80 cm n'ogo. Ifuru ahụ nwere akụkụ isii nke nha dịgasị iche iche ejikọtara onwe ha, nke dị iche na ọdịdị na ndo. Mkpụrụ ahụ bụ igbe nwere akwụkwọ atọ, nke nwere obere mkpụrụ gburugburu, oji ma ọ bụ agba aja aja.

Anddị na gladioli nwere foto na aha

Nhọrọ nke skewer etolitela nke oma, obu ihe kpatara okike Gladiolus tinyere nkpuru 280 na kari otutu.

LeleeNkọwaIche-icheIfuru Ifuru ahịhịa
Nnukwu flouredOsisi siri ike 90-150 cm toro ogologo, na-ahapụ ogologo oge, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ gbara ọchịchịrị, nwere sheen na-egbuke egbuke.
  • Bukkako.
  • Belle de Nui.
  • Mkpịsị Mkpịsị Freezel Coral.
  • Gbaa ya ume.
  • Vera Lynn.
  • Violetta.
  • Nnụnụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ.
  • Costa
  • Faro.
  • Nashville.
5-20 cm na dayameta, triangular, ya na fọdụl dịgasị ruo 28 dị n'otu inflorescence. Enwere odo odo, pink, acha ọbara ọbara, petals na-acha odo odo nwere isi ma ọ bụ nke isi awọ. Nnukwu nha nke dị ihe dị ka 90 cm na ụdị ịgba nwere ụdị bụ njirimara.
Nru ubu bu otutu50-100 cm, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ siri ike na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha odo odo na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ, mgbe ụfọdụ kọlọtọ n'okpuru ịdị arọ nke inflorescences. Akwụkwọ xiphoid buru ibu na-agagide na njedebe, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha odo odo nwere obere ọcha.
  • Tinkerbell.
  • Nke mụ.
  • Georgette.
  • Serafin.
  • Alice.
  • Coral lace.
  • Dianitto.
  • Ice folis.
  • Akwụkwọ edemede.
Nnukwu sessile nwere agba siri ike: edo edo, pink, odo odo, burgundy, odo odo na-acha ọcha nke nwere obere oroma. Petals bụ wavy, curved, lace. Pharynx dị nfe. Na gburugburu 15-20. Elongated, thickened na isi.
Primrose70-120 cm ogologo, kọmpat mpempe ya na steepụ na-enweghị ika. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ dị gịrịgịrị, warara, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na agba, kpuchie ya na ngwa nri.
  • Obodo ọcha.
  • Robert
  • Leonora.
  • Joyce
  • Essex.
  • Columbiana
Ọtụtụ mgbe, acha uhie uhie, ọcha, pink ma ọ bụ odo odo. Enwekwara odo dị ọcha (Leonora). 4-8 cm, triangular ma ọ bụ okirikiri, petals dị gịrịgịrị, nwere obere wavy, na ndị nke dị elu na-acha obere ma yie hood. Enwere agba 18-23.
Dwarf-Dị nwere obere (50-80 cm) na nnukwu akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Osisi a na-agwụ ike, dịtụ ike, streovidny.
  • Peta peep.
  • Robinetta.
  • Greenbird.
  • Cinderella
  • Nymph
  • Ifuru osisi piich.
  • Spitfire.
Exotic, nke ụdị dị iche iche, ya na petals apịaji. Oroma, odo odo, acha ọbara ọbara, odo, odo na acha odo odo nke nwere ezi sheen ma kpokwaa pharynx. Kọmpat, haziri n’usoro ọzọ.

Mgbe akụ Gladiolus bulbs na mmiri, dabere na mpaghara

A na-akụ jiolioz na mbubreyo-etiti oge opupu ihe ubi. Dabere na mpaghara, ụbọchị ala ga-agbanwe.

MpagharaOge
Central Russia (Moscow, mpaghara Russia).Ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya ịkụnye ya na mbata nke ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ iji wepu ọrịa na ntu oyi nke corms, ya bụ, Eprel 25-May 10. Agbanyeghị, nke a nwere ike ịbụ ụbọchị ọzọ, enyere ọnọdụ ihu igwe, ihu igwe kwesịrị ịdị ka + 9 ... +12 Celsius.
Lazọ dị n'etiti, gụnyere mpaghara Leningrad.Ihu igwe na-ajụ oyi, enwere ike ihu igwe oyi na mberede ma ọ bụ ọdịda na-achọghị, yabụ, oge a ga-ahazi idozi: Mee 10-Julaị 1. Ọ baghị uru iji ọkụ ọkụ, ọ dị mkpa na corms gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ, ala nwere oge iji kpoo ọkụ. Ọ bụrụ na ntu oyi, mmerụ anwụrụ ga-ekwe omume maka nchebe.
Mpaghara Siberia na Urals.Ọnọdụ ihu igwe anaghị akwụ ụgwọ, oge nke enweghị mbelata okpomọkụ bụ naanị ụbọchị 90-120, nke na-agbagha ọdịda ahụ. Bọchị tọọchị dị na May 28 ruo July 1. Iji kpuchido ihu igwe oyi, agrofibre ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri pụrụ iche ka etinyere n’elu akwa ifuru. Osisi na mpaghara a adịkarịghị adị ndụ ruo n'afọ ọzọ.
Lazọ South.Gladgbapụta nke gladioli adịghị esiri ike, ebe ọ bụ na nke a bụ mpaghara nwere ọnọdụ ihu igwe kachasị mma. Oge ịpụpụ: Machị 20-Epril 15. Ikwesighi ichere maka mmalite nke okpomoku, corm nwere ike ghara gbanye mgbọrọgwụ ma nwuo.

Nkwadebe nke gladiolus bulbs maka akuku

Ekwesịrị ime nkwadebe tupu izu 2-3 tupu ịtọba n'ime ala.

Nke mbu, odi nkpa ka iwepu ihe karie site na corms, jiri nlezianya nyochaa elu ya ka o ghara itolite ma obu ibu ojoo.

Ọ bụrụ na nke ọ bụla apụtawo, ọ dị mkpa ka ebipụ ya, a ga-eji obere akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma ọ bụ nke mmanya na-adịghị mma ma kpuchie ya, unyi, pawuda. Lekwa anya nyocha maka mmebi ma ọ bụ ọnya ọgbụgba mmanụ kwesịrị iji mmanụ iodine na-adịghị ike ma ọ bụ nke na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ tee mmanụ.

Ala nke ọkpọ, ya bụ, mpaghara ebe mgbọrọgwụ ya toro, ọ dị mkpa tụọ. A na-ewere ihe kachasị mma maka ịkụ ihe dị ka 1-2 cm. Corms na-eto eto na-agbanye mkpọrọgwụ ngwa ngwa ma na-eguzogide oyi ma ọ bụ ọrịa. Ndị agadi, ala nke ihe karịrị 4 cm, bụ nke a na-ejikarị maka ahịhịa na-eto eto maka ịmụ nwa (ụmụaka), yana iji melite ihe maka ịkụ ihe.

Mgbe ha nyochachara nke ọma na nhọrọ nke corms, a na-etinye ha na ebe na-enwu gbaa, na-etinye okporo ahịhịa dị na mgbakwunye nke vermiculite na ala. I nwekwara ike iji igbe mgbe niile, na-agbanye ala. Gbochie ohere nke drafts na oke okpomọkụ. N’ilezi anya nke ọma, mkpụrụ ahụ na-apụta mgbe izu 1-2 gachara.

Ọ dị mkpa na a ga-ekewa kọlụm osisi dị iche iche bara uru abụọ n'akụkụ abụọ, maka nnukwu arụpụtaghị ihe. Ekwesịrị ime nke a ka o wee doo nke ọ bụla ọkara na ike ala ya. A ga-ejikwa chaki ma ọ bụ mmanụ a honeyụ kpuchie ya.

Otu awa tupu okpu n'ime a na-emeghe, a ga-etinye corms na potassium permanganate na-agbanwe agbanwe nke 0,5%. Kwe ka bulbs kpoo ma kọọ ebe ahụ.

Ingkụnye gladioli na nlekọta na-esote

E kwesịrị idobe akwa ifuru n’elu anwụ na-acha, akụkụ a na-agbanye nke ọma, n’elu obere ugwu. A ga-agbanwe ọnọdụ nke okooko osisi kwa afọ iji gbochie ọrịa nje site na nje ndị ọzọ, ọrịa ma ọ bụ mkpụkọ nke usoro ihe oriri. Ọ bụkwa ekwesighi ịkụnye gladioli mgbe ọka na cucumbers, nke bụ ihe na-akpata causative nke fusarium. Ala kachasị mma na-anọgide mgbe poteto, beets. A ga-atụkwasị ntụ, aja, peat, ihe ndị na - ahụ ihe ndị ọzọ na ihe ndị na-egbu egbu na mkpụrụ.

Ọ bara uru ịtụle acidity nke ala: ọ ga-anọpụ iche.

//www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEvepob6qqs

Ikwesiri ịmalite ịkwadebe saịtị ahụ site na njedebe nke mgbụsị akwụkwọ: tọghe ma gwuo ala ruo omimi nke 40 cm, igbo ya na ahịhịa, nkwụnye ego. N'ihi ya, ala ahụ ga-atọhapụ ma gafere oxygen. A na-arụ ala n'ọtụtụ nkebi:

  1. N'ebe ahọtara, gwuo olulu nke 10-15 cm.
  2. A na-agbakwunye Nitrophos na-agbanwe agbanwe nke 80 g. kwa 1 sq. m
  3. Oghere dị n'etiti corms na-ahapụ ihe dịka 10-15 cm, nyere na osisi toro eto eto kwesịrị ikenye ya.
  4. A na-agbanye ala na-erughị 13-14 cm. Ọ bụrụ na etinye ya dị omimi, skewer ga-enye ọtụtụ inflorescences, dị elu - ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụmụaka ga-apụta.

Iszọ ọzọ agbakwunyere: nke gbara agba. Ọ na-enyere gị aka izere ịtụkọta gladioli, akwa ifuru dịcha mma ma na-enwu gbaa. Site na usoro a, etiti oge n'etiti corms na-ebelata ka 5-8 cm.

A na-eme ka ala jupụta na agịga, sawdust osisi na site, akwa mmiri ma ọ bụ potassium na akwa akwa.

Mgbe ndị ọkpụkpụ ahụ gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ ma kwekọọ n'ọnọdụ ọhụrụ, a ga-elekọta ha nke ọma. A ga-ebupụ mmiri dịkarịa ala karịa oge 1 kwa izu, gbaa mbọ hụ na mmiri anaghị asọ oyi, ma ọ bụrụ na ere ere ga-amalite, ma zerekwa ụmụ irighiri mmiri ịda na ifuru. Itughari ala mgbe nile ma wepu ahihia. Garter, ọ bụrụ achọrọ ya, a ga-ebu ụzọ tupu peduncles tolite. You nwere ike iji mkpo osisi nkịtị.

Uwe elu

Niile oge na-eto eto Gladiolus mepụta naanị 5 n'elu mgbakwasa. Ha gụnyere ihe dị iche iche dị n’ime mineral, ihe osisi na kemịkal.

Oge ntinyeFatịlaịza
Nke mbuJiri ihe anụ ahụ, ya bụ humus. N'oge mmiri ozuzo na n'oge ị na-agba mmiri, ọ na-enye anụ ahụ nri.
Tupu okookoMgbe opekata mpe akwụkwọ 3 dị mma, ị ga-etinye nri nitrogen. Nettle infusion dịkwa mma. Site n'inwekwu mmepe, ị nwere ike iji nri ngwakọta zuru ụwa ọnụ mee nri. Shouldkwesiri iji fesa ahihia ya na ihe omuma nke nwere boric acid na nha nke 2 g kwa 10 l nke mmiri na-agba.
Na-efeSite na mbata nke inflorescences, mụbaa ego nke nri ịnweta: potash na site. A na-atụ aro iji ash, ájá na paịlị agịga iji mee ka nri ala dị mma.
Mgbe okooko gacharaKwadebe ihe ngwọta nke 15 g nke superphosphate, 30 g nke sulfate na 10 l mmiri. Ha na a waterụ mmiri na-atọ ha ụtọ ruo mgbe ngwụsị nke oge ọkọchị.
IkpeazụMix 5 g nke potassium permanganate na 10 l mmiri. Ifatilaiza dị otú ahụ a ngwọta ná mmalite mgbụsị akwụkwọ, tupu mmalite nke ntu oyi.

Mgbe gwuo egwu gladioli

Gladiolus kwesịrị igwu mmiri tupu ihu igwe mbụ. Nke a na - abụkarị na etiti mgbụsị akwụkwọ, mana mpaghara ọ bụla nwere oge nke ya.

MpagharaOge
Central Russia (Moscow, mpaghara Russia).Enwere ike iwepụta ya Septemba 15-Ọktọba 10, ma emesịa, ọ bụrụ na edobere ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị mma ma ọ bụ na-aga n'ihu. Ọ dịghị mkpa ịkpaghasị fender ahụ ruo mgbe okpomọkụ dara n'okpuru +8 Celsius.
Lazọ dị n'etiti, gụnyere mpaghara Leningrad.Ihu igwe dị ebe a bụ nke a na-akọghị, yabụ emebere ụbọchị ndị ahụ na Septemba 1-20.
Mpaghara Siberia na Urals.Ekwesịrị igwu Gladioli na njedebe nke ọnwa Septemba, n'abalị iri na isii nke 10-15.
Lazọ SouthEbe ọ bụ na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ebe a na-agbada nwayọ ma nọgide na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, a na-ewepụta corms site na ala na Ọktoba 20-November 5. Agbanyeghị, ịkwesighi igbu oge, ma ọ bụghị ya, ire ere ga-amalite ma osisi ahụ ga-anwụ.

Otu esi echekwa gladioli

Mgbe itichara corms na-etinye n'ime ụlọ a na-ekpo ọkụ nke ọma, na-ekpo ọkụ ụlọ + 22 ... +25 Celsius. Ekwesịrị ịgbanye ha kwa ụbọchị iji gbochie mbibi. Bulbs ga-akpọnwụwo ihe na-erughị izu 3, n'oge nke oge ahụ akpịrịkpa nkụ ma nweta shey shey. Mgbe oge a, a na-emegharị tubers ahụ ka ebe a na-ajụ oyi. N'ime ulo nwere ike ịbụ oghere n’elu ala n’akuku ọnụ ụzọ mbara ihu, yana n’ime ụlọ - okpuru ulo ma ọ bụ ụlọ.

Chekwaa nke ọma na kaadiboodu ma ọ bụ plastic ihe eji emeghe maka ikuku. Enwere ike idobe okirikiri n'ọtụtụ akwa, na-etinye ya akwụkwọ akụkọ ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ rụrụ arụ. Oge kachasị mma ga-abụ + 3 ... + 10 ° С, iru mmiri ikuku nke opekata mpe 70%. Ọ dị mkpa ịlele bulbs mgbe niile ma tufuo ndị ọrịa ma ọ bụ daa.

Ọ dị mma icheta na na njedebe nke oge oyi, gladioli na-amalite oge nke uto na-arụ ọrụ, nke a ga-eji nwayọ nwayọ. Iji mee nke a, ị nwere ike itinye akwụkwọ Mint, apụl akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'ime akpa.

Mmeputakwa nke gladioli

Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ nke ịtọ ahịhịa, ndị kachasị ewu ewu bụ nke ahịhịa ndụ:

  1. N'iji mma mmerụ ahụ, kewapụ nwatakịrị ahụ ripened wee fesaa ebe a na-ejikwa unyi crumbs ma ọ bụ cinnamon.
  2. Ghichaa obere corms ma kụọ ha n'apịtị na mbido May.
  3. Gwuo onu ihe dika 5 cm miri ma tinye umuaka n'ime ya.
  4. Wụsa ala na peat na ash, mmiri n'ụba.
  5. Kechie plastik ebe a.
  6. Mgbe ọnwa 1 gasịrị, mgbe ị ga-etolite na fim ahụ, a ga-ewepụ ya.

Anotherzọ ọzọ bụ nkerisi ọkpọ.

  1. Họrọ ahihia kwesịrị ekwesị nke nwere nnukwu isi na obere akpa.
  2. Bee mma jiri mmerie ogwu gbanyere n’ime akụkụ abụọ hà nha.
  3. Ghichaa lobes ndị ahụ site n’itinye ha ọtụtụ awa n’ebe a na-enwu ọkụ.
  4. Jiri ọgwụgwọ unyi ma ọ bụ nke potassium permanganate ghaa iberi.
  5. Ghaa ahihia na-akpata.

Ofzọ mkpụrụ ọmụmụ amachaghị nke ukwuu, mana ọ na-adọrọ mmasị. Ọ ga-ekwe omume naanị n'ọnọdụ dị mma.

  1. Iji bido, ịkwesịrị ịkwadebe mkpụrụ mejupụtara ahịhịa na humus, ị nwekwara ike ịgbakwunye peat na agịga (nha nha).
  2. Tupu ịmalite mkpụrụ, a ga-etinye mkpụrụ n'ime 0.01% nke sodium humate ma ọ bụ heteroauxin.
  3. Ghaa osisi n’ime akpa nwere olulu mmiri na njedebe na February.
  4. Site na mmalite nke ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ, a na-etinye ite ahụ na ọnọdụ griin haus na-enwe okpomọkụ dị elu na ọkụ na-enwu ọkụ ruo mgbe agbazuchara.

Ofzọ mbuso oria na oria nke gladioli

ỌrịaNgosiputa nke akwukwo na ihe ndi ozoZọ mmezi
Ọrịa FusariumTụgharịa edo edo, kpuchie ya na ọcha.Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ahụ na-apụta n'oge oge uto, eleghi anya osisi ahụ ga-adị ndụ, yabụ, a ga-ewepụ ya na ala gbara ya gburugburu. Ewepu ihe omume, gwọọ kọlụm tupu ịkpụzi manganese.
Ọrịa SclerotiniaNa-akpọnwụ, kpọrọ nkụ na ntọala, ahịhịa ọka.Gwuo olulu metụtara ozugbo iji gbochie mgbasa. Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ahụ ka malitere, were ọgwụgwọ nke fungicides wee ifuru ahụ: Ordan, Hom, Previkur.
SkaabBlack akara na corms na akụkụ niile nke skewer.Dịkwuo acidity ala ma wepụ ifuru ndị nwere ọrịa.
Ọrịa malitere ịrịa.Enwere ike iji ahịrị aja aja kpuchie ahịhịa ahụ. Black dots protrude na mpụga.Ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịgwọ ya kpamkpam. Should kwesịrị iwepụ osisi ahụ nje nwere ka ọ ghara ịgbasa ọrịa ahụ.
Ọta.Ọ na-apụ n'anya. Nọchiri anya.Jiri Permethrin, Bi 58, Phosphamide, Methyl mercaptophos ma ọ bụ ncha ncha.
Aphids.Littlemụ obere ahịhịa na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ n'elu, azuokokoosisi. Philodendron nwụrụ.Tincture nke ihe ọ lemonụ lemonụ lemon, Intavir, Actofit.
Spider mite.Okpukpo ahihia di nkpa ga-abanye na azuokpo ya.Mmiri mgbe nile, itinye Neoron, Omayt, Fitoverm dịka ntuziaka ahụ si dị.
Thrips.Miri ọcha na-apụta. Osisi na-eto wilted.Jiri Fitoverm, nhazi ya na Actara, Mospilan, Actellik ma ọ bụ Calypso.