Akụkụ na mejupụtara nke ala dị mma maka akwụkwọ: maka seedlings na n'ogige, esi eji aka aka gị esi nri

Na-enweghị ezigbo ala nkwadebe, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịmalite na-eto eto nke mbụ na ose.

Ahịa na-enye ọtụtụ dịgasị iche iche ala, ma ndị ọkachamara nwere ike ịkwado kwadoro ala maka seedlings n'onwe ha.

Isiokwu nke isiokwu taa bụ ezigbo ala maka ederede: maka seedlings na maka ịkụ mkpụrụ osisi siri ike. Na-akwadebe ala maka aka gị.

Zie ezi

Ezi ala maka akuku kwesịrị:

• ị ga-adị ọcha, na-enwu, na-arụ ọrụiji hụ na ịnweta ikuku na mmiri;
• nwere microflora na-enye ndụihe ngwugwu;
• na-enwe ezigbo nghazi nke seedlings potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, ígwè, ọla kọpa, zinc;
• tụnyere ihe mejupụtara nke ala nke ose ga-eto;
• nke nwere ike iru mmirina-enweghị ihe jikọrọ ọnụ;
• nwee ezigbo pH maka ederede pH ~ 5-7. Ụdị acidity ahụ na-echebe ndị na-ede ede site na ọrịa nke nwa ụkwụ na ike.

Ezi ala ekwesịghị:

• a ga-ebute ata ah u, larvae, nsen pest, ikpuru, fungal spores, ihe na-egbu egbu, pathogens, rotting organic organic;
• nwere ụrọ.

Ngwurugwu nke ala, nke di mma maka akwukwo nri nke ogwu, nwere mmanu nke phosphorus na potassium, sulfur, boron, molybdenum, zinc, ígwè, ọla kọpa, manganese, magnesium, na calcium n'usoro n'usoro.

Mkpụrụ osisi

Esi esi nri ala maka ose:

1. N'otu akụkụ: ájá, peat, humus, ụwa.
2. Sod, ala ubi, compost, aja - nha nha. Gbakwunye ash na ọnụego otu iko kwa 10 kilogram.
3. Dịkwa ala peat, humus. Enrich na potassium sulfate na superphosphate.
4. Otu ụdị compost (peat), ájá (perlite), abụọ turf.
5. N'aka otu, gwakọtara aja na ájá, tinye atọ lobes nke sod n'ala.
6. Dị ka mpempe akwụkwọ na ala sod, otu ego humus, ájá, vermiculite, perlite ịhọrọ.
7. Ala, humus, ájá, osisi uyi.
8. Mmiri ala, osimiri ájá, ọgbọ mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ n'ọtụtụ hà, wunye mmiri ịwụ mmiri na superphosphate, potassium sulfate (30 g) na urea (10 g).
9. Earth, humus, peat na otu olu, ọkara liter nke osisi ash, 2 boxboxes nke supersphosphate.

More na ihe ngwakọta

Peat

Ejiri ya dị ka ntụ ntụ. E nwere ụdị atọ:

• ala dị ala: ọ bụghị utoojoo, ọgaranya na nri;
• mgbanwe;
• eluachọrọ ime ka ha nwee ude ma obu uyi. A nabatara phosphate na magnesium.

Maka ihe onwunwe nke peat, a na-atụ aro ịtinye fatịlaịza 2% phosphate. Mgbe ahụ, mmetụta ga-adị ukwuu.

Gbanye ájá

Na-enye ezigbo mmiri drainage, na-eme ka e guzobere akụkụ nkwado nke ohia ahụ. Na-eme ka ala dị egwu, ìhè.

Turf

Iji saturate ihe nkedo ala, meziwanye ihe di na oge okpomọkụ-oge mgbede, wepu ahihia ala di elu na ahihia. Ogwe igbe. Kpoo elu tupu i jiri ya.

Sphagnum mosses

Mee ka ọdịnaya mmiri dịkwuo. Inwe àgwà bactericidal gbochie rotting nke usoro seedling mgbọrọgwụ.

Sawdust

Ngwunye ahihia osisi kwado ala, me ka o nwekwuo ikike.

Compost

Nwere humus, dị mkpa maka ọganihu nke mmepe nke seedlings. Na-amụba ọmụmụ, ikuku ventilash.

Perlite

Mgbe ị na-eto eto na mixtures nwere ihe nke mgbawa mgbawa, a na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa ọrịa na ọrịa mkpụrụ osisi. Chebe megide nhazi nke lumps, caking, tamping, mgbanwe okpomọkụ.

Vermiculite

Mkpụrụ Ejiri Ejiri Egbugbu na-azọpụta site na ihichapụ.

Ash

Ahụmahụ gardeners ahọrọ birch.

Nkwadebe ala maka seedlings nke na-ede ede

Ná ngwụsị oge ọkọchị na mgbụsị akwụkwọ, e kwesịrị ịchekwa ihe ndị dịnụ: ala, turf, peat, akpaetu, sawdust, compost. Ọ ga-ekwe omume ịnọgide na-akwadebe na akpa plastic, akpa, igbe, bọket, na subzero okpomọkụ. Ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya na ha dị ezigbo oyi.

Cheta! Ala site n'ubi ubi nwere ike ibu osisi nke osisi na-adighi nma, umu ohia na-emeru aru na ha ogwu, pathogens. Ejila ya na-enweghị disinfection, ma ọ bụ dochie anya zụrụ ya.

Ejila nri ọhụrụ, compost ọhụrụ, osisi na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na-emepụta ihe.

Iji melite ala maka seedlings na ụzọ ndị a:

• Iji belata pH, wepụ kemịkal achọghị, usoro ọgwụ ọjọọ dị ka Flora-S.
• Etch na fungicides, ụmụ ahụhụ. Usoro a bu ihe kwesiri ntukwasi obi, nke bara uru ruo ogologo oge. A ghaghị iburu n'uche na ihe ize ndụ nke ọgwụ ndị dị otú ahụ maka ahụike, idebe iwu nile nke ịkpachara anya.
• Steam ruo otu awaedemede oge. A ghaghị ịchekwa ala a na-ekpuchi ya n'ime ihe ndị nwere ọgwụ mgbochi na ebe dị jụụ. Na nhazi dị otú ahụ, bacteria na-emerụ ahụ, ero, larvae na àkwá nke ụmụ ahụhụ na-ala n'iyi, ma ihe ndị dị mkpa na anụ ndị dị mkpa na-anọgide.
• Iji melite microflora usoro na ngwọta dika "Baikal", "Gumi" dika ntuziaka.
• Okpomọkụ maka ọkara otu awa na oven, oven na okpomọkụ nke + 40-50 Celsius. Mmetụta nke usoro a bụ na, yana ihe na-adịghị mma, a na-ebibi ihe ndị bara uru bara uru.
• Iji ifriizi. 30-40 ụbọchị tupu akuku kpoo ọkụ, jikọta ya na ihe ndị ọzọ, wee weghasịkwa ọzọ.
• Uninfect with potassium permanganate solution. Tụkwasị na nke a, gaa na onye na-elekọta ndị ọrụ.

Mmiri ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-amalite ịgwakọta 2-3 izu tupu mmalite nke akuku. Earth, sod, peat, humus sift. Họrọ akuku osisi, pebbles, ihe ndi ozo.

Nhọrọ ndị a họọrọ n'ime akpa kwesịrị ekwesị. Knead lumps. Gwakọta nke ọma ruo mgbe ị ga-eji ire ụtọ Tinye ájá, perlite. Ha ga-ejikọta ihe niile ahụ n'ime otu, wee merie ọzọ.

Otu izu tupu ịgha mkpụrụ, jupụta ihe ndị nwere nkwadebe na seedlings. Gbanyụọ ngwangwa manganese. Tinye uyi, fatịlaịza.

Ọ nwere ike ịwụ ala n'ala seedlings nke na-ede ede?

Obere ose adịghị achọ ala ọzọ.

Ma, ọ bụrụ na e nwere mkpa dị otú a, fesa seedlings n'enweghị mmechi nke mbụ cotyledon fọdụrụ site na-akụ ya na ngwakọta n'ala, ma ọ bụ wụsa ya na ngwakọta nke ala a na-emeso ya ma jiri tii tii. Tụkwasị na nzaghachi ọtụtụ.

Mgbe ịmechara akụkụ nke ala ahụ, kwụsị ịgha mkpụrụ osisi ahụ, ma ọ bụghị na usoro mgbọrọgwụ ahụ ga-akwụsị, rotting nwere ike ịmalite.

Nkwadebe ala maka ose seedlings

Olee otú iji kwadebe ala maka ose seedlings? Ka ị ghara ibibi nke ọma na-eto eto seedlings, ọ dị mkpa ịkwadebe ala na-adịgide adịgide nke obibi nke ose:

• Lelee akwa ahụ n'ọdịnihu, mee mgbagwoju nke nri ndi kwekọrọ na ala.
• Ụbọchị ole na ole tupu transplant eme ka mmiri dị ukwuu.
• Mee oghere, omimi hà ka ikike nke okokụre seedlings, wunye mmiri igwe okpomọkụ.
• Ghaa akwukwo.

N'ikwekọ nke ọma, na emebe iwu nile nke agrotechnical, ala dị njikere, nke siri ike, nke na-eto eto na-eto eto. Site na ọmụmụ nke ala na-adabere na oge ịkọ ihe. N'elu nnata nke ihe oriri niile dị mkpa, site na ala, oge ị ga-enweta ihe dị elu dị elu site na 1-2 izu. Akuku a na-abawanye, ripens na mbụ.

Ihe bara uru

Gụọ ihe ndị ọzọ gbasara ose seedlings:

• Kwesịrị ekwesị cultivation nke osisi na ma sook ha tupu kere?
• Kedu ka esi na-eto oji peas, chili, ilu ma ọ bụ ụtọ n'ụlọ?
• Kedu ihe bụ ndị na-akwado ndị na-eto eto na otu esi eji ha?
• Isi ihe mere akwụkwọ na-agbagọ na Ome, seedlings na-ada ma ọ bụ na-apụ, na ihe mere na Ome anwụ?
• Okwu nke na-akụ na mpaghara Russia na karịsịa nsị na Urals, na Siberia na mpaghara Moscow.
• Mụta iwu nke ịkụ osisi Bulgarian ma na-ekpo ọkụ, yana ịtọ ụtọ ụtọ?