Fusarium wilt nke kukumba: ihe kpatara, mgbaàmà, ọgwụgwọ

Fusarium kukumba bụ ọrịa na-efe efe nke na-emetụta ihe ọkụkụ n'ime. Ọrịa na - ebute ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, nke metụtara ọnwụ ịgha ahịhịa. Enwere ike igbochi nsonaazụ ndị dị mwute site na mgbochi n'oge.

Fusarium - kedu ihe ọ bụ

Ihe na-akpata ọrịa ahụ bụ ọrịa Fusarium na-ezughị okè. Onye nje ahụ na-adịgide ndụ ruo afọ 4 mgbe ọ banyesịrị ala. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-ebute cucumbers site na usoro mgbọrọgwụ. Onye nje ahụ nwere ike ịbanye n’ime ala yana mkpụrụ osisi emetụtara, ikuku, mmiri. Mgbe ọ banyesịrị na nsí n'ime arịa ahụ, ọ na-agbagha metabolism, a na-ekechi xylem. Nke a na-egosiputa site na necrosis n’akuku di n’akuku osisi.

N'ime usoro mbido, ọ na-esiri ike ịmata ihe ọ bụla metụtara fariarium. Onweghi akara akparamagwa n’oge a.

Anụmanụ ahụ na-aga n'ihu ma ọ bụrụ na osisi ahụ esighị ike, iru mmiri ahụ dịkarịa ala 85%, ogo ya dịkwa iche +18 ° C ruo +27 Celsius. Cucumbers chọrọ nlebara anya pụrụ iche n'oge okooko na fruiting.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, akwụkwọ nri toro na griin haus ọnọdụ-ata ahụhụ site na ọrịa fusarium.

Ihe kpatara Fusarium

Enwere ike ịgbalite ofufe ọrịa, naanị na atụmatụ nkeonwe, n'okpuru ihe ndị a:

• mgbanwe mberede na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ;
• enweghi nri ala;
• akwa iru mmiri;
• ịba mmiri buru ibu;
• ala adabaghị (ogo siri ike na mejupụtara, acidity dị elu, waterlogging);
• mmebi nke sistemụ mgbọrọgwụ;
• ẹphe aphụ;
• iji ọgwụ ndị na-emebi nitrogen eme ihe;
• emeghị ihe omume nke ịgbagharị mkpụrụ na usoro fatịlaịza;
• enweghị kpo oku (mgbe ị na-eto akwụkwọ nri na griin haus).

Mgbe ị na-eto ihe ọkụkụ ọ bụla, ihe ubi chọrọ ka agrotechnoosia chọọ ka o mee ihe.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ala tupu ịkụnye cucumbers a ga-ekpochapụ. Ofjụ usoro a ga - ebulite ohere dị n'ọbara nke ọrịa na-ebute fusarium.

Ọrịa Fusarium na cucumbers

Ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ịga n'ihu na ọsọ na ọsọsọ.

N'okwu nke mbụ, a na-ahụ ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke fusarium naanị na osisi ndị toro eto n'oge okooko na ịmị mkpụrụ. Ọ bụ n'oge a ka ugu gwụsịrị ike nke cucumbers. Na mgbakwunye na akwụkwọ, ị ga na usoro mgbọrọgwụ, a na-emetụta inflorescences na mkpụrụ osisi. Gee na-amalite na-agbaji ụbọchị 7-10 mgbe ọdịdị nke chlorosis gasịrị.

Mkpụrụ ngwa ngwa nke ero a na-aghọrọ ngwa ngwa akpọnwụ na nkụ nke osisi emetụtara, ọrịa ahụ na-agbasa site na ala elu. Ibe ahihia kwesiri ekwesi, olu nkpu ana - enweta ahihia na - acha aja aja. Site na mmụba dị ukwuu, mkpuchi pink nwere ike ịpụta na ya.

Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa nke osisi mere n'oge akuku, mkpụrụ germination ga-ibelata nke ọma. N’ọnọdụ a, o yighị ka onye na-elekọta ubi chere maka owuwe ihe ubi nke cucumbers. Mkpụrụ ndị jisiri ike pulite ma nwụọ.

Ihe kacha gosiputa oria a bu:

• thinning nke mgbọrọgwụ;
• agbaji nke ukwu nke azuokokoosisi;
• e guzobere tụrụ odo na epupụta;
• wilting na deformation nke nwa ehi;
• na-agbagọ ma na -adị nwayọ nke peduncle;
• ọnwụ nke ovaries;
• izu ezu na mkpụrụ osisi.

Kukumba nke kpụworo nwere nkpuru ilu. Na enweghị mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ oge niile, osisi ahụ ga-anwụ.

Ihe mgbochi

Iji gbochie ọrịa na fusarium, onye na-elekọta ubi kwesịrị:

• na-edozi mkpụrụ tupu o gha site na iji okpomoku nwayọ nwayọ.
  Ejiri usoro a na arụmọrụ dị elu, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ewe ọtụtụ oge. A na - eji nwayọọ nwayọọ belata: ụbọchị mbụ - ọ dịghị elu karịa + 35 Celsius C, nke abụọ - +55 Celsius C, n'ụbọchị nke atọ - +70 Celsius. Iji chekwaa oge, enwere ike iji insur Profi ghaa mkpụrụ osisi;
• Steam kwadebere ala. Usoro ahụ adịghị nhịahụ. A na-eji mmiri esi esi mmiri kpuchie akwa ahụ. Ọ dị mkpa iji duzie oge atọ. Mgbe ngwụcha ikpeazụ gasịrị, a na-etinye Trichodermin n'ime mkpuchi ala. Enwere ike dochie ngwaahịa ndu ahụ na analogues;
• mgbe iwechasịrị cucumbers, kpochapu mpaghara ala niile (n'elu, irighiri ihe, mgbọrọgwụ), kpochapụ ala (150 grams nke ịcha ọcha ga-ada na 1 m2). Nhọrọ dị mma maka usoro a bụ dochie topsoil. A ga-ahazi ihe mepụtara.

A na-atụ aro ka osisi ndị ike gwụchara maka ịkụnye ya.

Ka cucumbers wee wee mepụta ezigbo ihe ubi, ha kwesịrị ịmepụta ọnọdụ dị mma maka uto. Ọnọdụ ikuku kwesịrị ịdị iche n'etiti + 20 ... +26 Celsius C, iru mmiri enweghị ike ịbụ ihe karịrị 85%. Ọ dịkwa mkpa:

• jiri nkpuru choro nkpuru;
• kụrụ siderata, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Mọstad na-acha ọcha na-esote cucumbers;
• soro usoro ihe omume ugbo;
• were mmiri mmiri gbanyere mmiri the mmiri dinaa akwa ahụ (ọkacha mma nke ụtụtụ);
• fesa ala na osisi nwere biofungicides, ihe na-akpali uto;
• mee ka ọ na-eme nri nke ọma.

A pụghị ịkụ mkpụrụ osisi n'otu ebe ruo ọtụtụ afọ n'usoro.

Ọgwụgwọ nke fusarium na cucumbers

Ọ bụrụ na otu ihe ahụ agaghị ekwe omume izere ọrịa Fusarium, a ga-amalite ọgwụgwọ ozugbo. Ngwa ngwa ngwa ebidola ọgwụgwọ, ike ya abawanye.

Ngwaahịa nke ndu maka ọgwụgwọ nke fusarium

Ndị kachasị dị irè gụnyere Trichofit, Trichodermin, Gliokladin, Bactofit, Fitosporin-M, Vitaros. Ha nwere ihe nwere ike ibibi pathogen ma kwụsị ọrịa ahụ. A kwadebere ihe ngwọta a site na ntuziaka maka ojiji (etinye ya na ọgwụ).

Nkwadebe ihe ndị dị ndụ sitere na osisi ma ụmụ mmadụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe a na-eji ha maka ihe mgbochi. Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ahụ bidoro nnukwu ọrịa, ha agaghị enwe ike wepu nje ahụ.

Okwesiri iburu n’uche na ijikota ihe ndi na - egbu mmiri na ihe ndi ozo.

Chemicals

Ha dị iche na ndị dị ndụ anụ ahụ na nsonaazụ siri ike karị ọgwụgwọ. N'etiti ndị na-elekọta ubi, ọgwụ ndị nwere benzimidazole ma ọ bụ usoro ya bụ ndị a ma ama karịsịa.

Ndepụta ọgwụ dị oke ọnụ, ọ gụnyere Fundazole, Arbotrin, Fundazim, Agrocyte na Benomil. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere nkuzi nke esi gosipụta usoro nke usoro nke usoro esi edozi ya. Ọ dịkarịa ala, ụbọchị iri kwesịrị ịgbanye n'etiti ọgwụgwọ.

Uzo ndi mmadu

Nwere ike ịnagide mgbaàmà nke Fusarium site na iji usoro enweghị atụ. Iji ha, onye na-elekọta ubi ga-ezere ụkọ ihe ubi, chekwaa ego ma chebe cucumbers na mbuso agha. Okwesiri iburu n'uche na ha kachasi ike na mmalite nke ọrịa fungal. Iji nweta nsonaazụ achọrọ, ịkwesịrị ịgbaso uzommeputa ahọrọ.

Cumdị Kukumba na-adigide

Cucumdị kukumba ọ bụla nwere njirimara nke ya. Ubi kwesiri ịhọrọ nkpuru, na-elekwasị anya na ọnọdụ ihu igwe, akụrụngwa nke ala, iguzogide ọrịa na-efe efe, akpan akpan, na fusarium. A na-ahụta ihe kachasị mma na ụdị nke ikpeazụ bụ ụdị ndị a:

• Ryabinushka;
• Vocals;
• Zhukovsky;
• Hector;
• Refael
• Noble;
• Christina.

N'agbanyeghị mmụba ọgụ nke iche na-eguzogide ọgwụ, ụta ha ekwesịghị ichefu banyere mgbochi.

Fusarium wu nke kukumba bu oria ajuju, ihe iriba ama nke puru igosi na mberede. Ọ dị mma ịkwado onye na-elekọta ubi ahụ, obere osisi ga-ata ahụhụ. Ọnọdụ ha dabere na nnabata na teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo na nlekọta kwesịrị ekwesị.